On December 28, 2024, Vietnam Agriculture Newspaper coordinated with the Department of Animal Health, the Department of Science, Technology and Environment (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development) and related units to organize the Forum “Application of new advances in the field of veterinary vaccines in Vietnam”. Sharing the story of avian influenza vaccine research, Dr. Trinh Quang Dai, Executive Director of the Vaccine Factory of Central Veterinary Medicine Joint Stock Company 5 (Fivevet) said that avian influenza is a dangerous infectious disease caused by a virus, which can appear in wild birds and domesticated poultry, mammals, as well as humans. Avian influenza virus has also caused many pandemics in humans. At its peak, in late 2003, it occurred in 57 provinces and cities, causing the destruction of nearly 44 million poultry, resulting in 3 deaths. Since around 2010, Vietnam has controlled the disease well, but it still occurs sporadically. In 2024, Vietnam destroyed nearly 100,000 poultry in 13 district-level units and 9 provinces.
There are currently 3 main highly pathogenic strains causing the disease, including A/H5N1, A/H5N6 and A/H5N8. In addition, there is a low pathogenic strain, A/H9N2. With more than 500 million poultry nationwide, the technology to create avian influenza vaccine strains and apply them in the production of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) and low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) vaccines at Fivevet. Based on the criteria of safety and effectiveness, Fivevet has applied the creation of original strains of avian influenza viruses. Including the creation of the original A/H5N1 influenza virus with a specific genome, with the H5 gene mutated so that the virus loses its high pathogenicity but retains the antigenic properties of H5. According to Mr. Dai, the vaccine manufactured by the company has 100% antibodies. The strong vaccine using the A/H5N1 strain has a protection rate of 90%. In particular, the monovalent/polyvalent avian influenza vaccine using the A/H5N1rg strain has shown high safety and efficacy, and is specific to vaccinated poultry.
Being proactive in technology creation and selection of suitable original strains for research, development and production of vaccines against avian influenza (HPAI, LPAI) is the basis for creating high-tech vaccines, suitable for strains circulating in the field, contributing to the prevention and control of avian influenza in Vietnam.
Not only Fivevet, Vietnam has 92 veterinary medicine production facilities meeting GMP-WHO, of which 12 veterinary vaccine production facilities; the investment level is about 30-40 million USD/factory (VAKSINDO, HANVET, NAVETCO, DABACO…). The laboratories of the Department of Animal Health have achieved biosafety level II or higher, including 2 biosafety level III laboratories; the veterinary sector has 7 biosafety level III laboratories. The whole country has 12 enterprises researching and producing animal vaccines that meet GMP-WHO standards with a total of 218 types of vaccines and 340 types of imported vaccines, meeting the needs of disease prevention in livestock and poultry in the country.
Ms. Nguyen Thi Thanh Thuy, Director of the Department of Science, Technology and Environment (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development) said that in the context of many disease variants as present, disease control in barns and livestock herds must be carried out strictly and strictly protected. Vaccines are an effective measure in minimizing damage, helping output products meet disease safety and food safety standards. Using vaccines not only helps reduce infectious diseases but also ensures safe livestock farming processes for livestock.
Vietnam has quickly joined the race to produce veterinary vaccines; it has produced a number of important disease vaccines such as: Avian influenza (Navet-Vifluvac) in 2012); Blue ear disease vaccine since 2015; foot-and-mouth disease vaccine since 2018; rabies vaccine since 2019 and most recently, African swine fever vaccine (NAVET-ASFVAC and AVAC ASF LIVE) in 2022.
Mr. Nguyen Van Long, Director of the Department of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, emphasized that Vietnam has a long border and increasing trade and travel activities between countries, creating favorable conditions for new diseases, including new strains of avian influenza, African swine fever and lumpy skin disease, to spread rapidly. Mr. Long also emphasized that the strong development of vaccine technology in the world creates opportunities for Vietnam to learn and cooperate. The Director of the Department of Animal Health said that there has been significant development in scientific and technological cooperation and Vietnam’s vaccine production technology has reached world-class levels. Mr. Long acknowledged that Vietnam’s veterinary vaccine research and production units are constantly strengthening international cooperation and transferring science and technology with leading countries in the world such as the United States, EU, Japan, Australia, Korea, China, Americas… with the most advanced technologies; scientists, organizations such as FAO, WOAH, international partners (US Department of Agriculture, CDC, international reference laboratories for dangerous animal diseases such as avian influenza, foot-and-mouth disease, blue ear disease, African swine fever, rabies).
In the country, the Vietnam Academy of Agriculture and the Veterinary Institute are implementing virus surveillance, analyzing characteristics, sequencing genes of circulating virus strains, sharing results, selecting field strains for evaluating the effectiveness of current vaccines… Applying scientific and technological advances in research and production of vaccines and veterinary drugs will help control diseases in livestock effectively.
In particular, Vietnam has successfully produced and officially exported the African swine fever vaccine AVAC ASF LIVE of AVAC Vietnam Joint Stock Company to 5 countries, marking a great achievement recognized by the world.
Source: P.A.T (synthesis), NASATI





