Thai Nguyen and Lang Son are two provinces in the Northern Mountains and Midlands of Vietnam. According to the General Statistics Office, the population of Thai Nguyen province as of April 1, 4 was nearly 2019,1 thousand people, of which the population of urban areas accounted for about 287.31% and the population of rural areas about 9.69%, the sex ratio at birth was 1.111/3 (male / female), down 100.4 points difference compared to 2. Lang Son province is a border province with a northern border with China, the remaining sides are the provincial border with Cao Bang, Bac Kan, Thai Nguyen and Bac Giang provinces. As of April 2017, the population of Lang Son province is about 4,2019 people, of which 781,655 live in urban areas (159.670%) and 20,4 live in rural areas (621.985%). The process of urbanization along with population growth, official migration, temporary migration, free migration have put great pressure on the infrastructure system, social security… causing great impacts on socio-economic development plans, plans or orientations. Today, GIS has been widely applied and become a decision support tool in most socio-economic activities, security, defense, disaster response, etc. GIS has the ability to help government agencies, regulators, researchers … assessing the current status and natural, socio-economic entities through the functions of collecting, managing, querying, analyzing and integrating information associated with a consistent digital map based on the coordinates of input map data. Therefore, a database system along with detailed studies on population and population, clarifying the spatial population differentiation and population fluctuations over time will contribute to clarifying the population problems of Thai Nguyen and Lang Son provinces. If this system is built, it is necessary to have the support of GIS and maps.

Population studies in Viet Nam Vietnam is facing a gender imbalance or population ageing after experiencing a “golden population”, i.e. the largest proportion of working-age people in the population age pyramid. Application of geographic information system (GIS) in database management and population mapping Socio-economic and population statistics have been mentioned by Tran Trong Duc, Bui Thi Hong Dao in the study Application of GIS in management, analysis and presentation of socio-economic statistics. Author Le Minh Chuong – Regional Center for Statistical Informatics II upgrades and completes the enterprise database in Ho Chi Minh City based on GIS platform. The application of GIS technology in building and managing databases on population and electronic map series on population has also been studied in a number of thesis works.

In order to study the population issues of Thai Nguyen and Lang Son provinces for planning, planning, policy-making and development orientation of the province, the research team of Dr. Nguyen Xuan Hoa – Institute of Human Geography, Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences – proposed to implement the topic: “Application of geographic information system (GIS) and maps to study population problems in Thai Nguyen and Lang Son provinces”.

After a period of implementation, the project came to the following conclusions:

1. Population

The natural population growth of Thai Nguyen and Lang Son provinces is not large and tends to decrease gradually. This is due to the influence of the state’s population policy along with more attention to improving the quality of the population and community health care services. Both Thai Nguyen and Lang Son provinces are still in the “golden population” period, but the trend of elderly population is constantly increasing in recent years, showing that the population of the two provinces is tending to age.

2. Population distribution

The population of 2 provinces Thai Nguyen and Lang Son resides densely in urban areas, especially in Thai Nguyen City and Lang Son City, the population density is up to more than 1,000 people/km2. Thai Nguyen is also one of the provinces with the fastest urbanization rate in the Northern Midlands and Mountainous provinces, while Lang Son province has a slower urbanization rate, the number of people living in urban areas accounts for only 19.46% of the province’s population; The rest of the population mainly resides in rural areas. Thai Nguyen province has the Kinh ethnic group and the Tay ethnic group has the largest population in the province. Therefore, the area with a large concentration of people of two ethnic groups is the plains and midlands. Lang Son province is the main area of residence of the Nung and Tay ethnic groups, while the Kinh people are only the 3rd largest ethnic group in the province. Along with the Kinh people, they live mainly in low, flat areas in Area I mountainous areas, the rest of the ethnic groups are scattered throughout districts and towns in the province.

3. Migration

Out-of-province migration in Thai Nguyen province tends to increase sharply in Rural-Urban migration, mainly composed of Kinh workers from other places to work in industrial parks and export processing zones in Thai Nguyen province. For Lang Son province, migration outside Lang Son province is mainly imbued with migration factors, the main type of migration in this period is Rural – Rural associated with the development of industrial crop growing areas, especially coffee and rubber.

4. Application of GIS in population research

GIS has full tools, strengths in analyzing databases, its available algorithms to give the level of mutual influence between data fields, build models, forecast impact trends…

Thus, Thai Nguyen and Lang Son provinces need to build a detailed database system on population distribution and migration. The two provinces also need to implement a reasonable structure of specialized apparatus for population and population and fully implement policies on development of mountainous and ethnic minority areas, national target programs such as the New Rural Program, Program 135, Vocational Training Program for Rural Workers, etc. proactively integrate capital sources to achieve optimal investment, avoid spreading, inadequacies and lack of consistency.

The full text of the research results report of the project (No. 18540/2020) can be found at the National Administration of Science and Technology Information.

Source:From the website:vista.gov.vn of the National Administration of Science and Technology Information

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